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KMID : 1164220150270010061
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Journal of Korean Society for Radiotherapeutic Technology
2015 Volume.27 No. 1 p.61 ~ p.71
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A Study on Developing Customized Bolus using 3D Printers
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Jung Sang-Min
Yang Jin-Ho
Lee Seung-Hyun
Kim Jin-Uk
Youm Doo-Seok
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Abstract
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Purpose : 3D Printers are used to create three-dimensional models based on blueprints. Based on this characteristic, it is
feasible to develop a bolus that can minimize the air gap between skin and bolus in radiotherapy. This study aims to compare and analyze air gap and target dose at the branded 1 cm bolus with the developed customized bolus using 3D printers.
Materials and Methods : RANDO phantom with a protruded tumor was used to procure images using CT simulator. CT
DICOM file was transferred into the STL file, equivalent to 3D printers. Using this, customized bolus molding box (maintaining the 1 cm width) was created by processing 3D printers, and paraffin was melted to develop the customized bolus. The air gap of customized bolus and the branded 1 cm bolus was checked, and the differences in air gap was used to compare Dmax, Dmin, Dmean, D95% and V95% in treatment plan through Eclipse.
Results : Customized bolus production period took about 3 days. The total volume of air gap was average 3.9 cm3 at the
customized bolus. And it was average 29.6 cm3 at the branded 1 cm bolus. The customized bolus developed by the 3D printer was more useful in minimizing the air gap than the branded 1 cm bolus. In the 6 MV photon, at the customized bolus, Dmax, Dmin, Dmean, D95%, V95% of GTV were 102.8%, 88.1%, 99.1%, 95.0%, 94.4% and the Dmax, Dmin, Dmean, D95%, V95% of branded 1cm bolus were 101.4%, 92.0%, 98.2%, 95.2%, 95.7%, respectively. In the proton, at the customized bolus, Dmax, Dmin, Dmean, D95%, V95% of GTV were 104.1%, 84.0%, 101.2%, 95.1%, 99.8% and the Dmax, Dmin, Dmean, D95%, V95% of branded 1cm bolus were 104.8%, 87.9%, 101.5%, 94.9%, 99.9%, respectively. Thus, in treatment plan, there was no significant difference between the customized bolus and 1 cm bolus. However, the normal tissue nearby the GTV showed relatively lower radiation dose.
Conclusion : The customized bolus developed by 3D printers was effective in minimizing the air gap, especially when it is used against the treatment area with irregular surface. However, the air gap between branded bolus and skin was not enough to cause a change in target dose. On the other hand, in the chest wall could confirm that dose decrease for small the air gap. Customized bolus production period took about 3 days and the development cost was quite expensive. Therefore, the commercialization of customized bolus developed by 3D printers requires low-cost 3D printer materials, adequate for the use of bolus.
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KEYWORD
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3D printers, Customized Bolus, Air gap
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